遺伝性血管性浮腫(HAE)は1850年代にHeinrich Quinckeが最初に詳述し、1880年代にSir William Oslerによって再び記述されています。この珍しい遺伝性血液疾患の特徴は、突発性の浮腫(edma)で、顔や手足、生殖器、消化管、上気道に症状が現れることです。腹部の腫れは、痛みや嘔吐、下痢を伴います。気道の腫れは致命傷となり得ます。
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Donaldson, VH and Evans, RR. A biochemical abnormality in hereditary angioneuroticedema: Absence of serum inhibitor of C’ 1-esterase. Am. J. Med. 35:37-44 (1963).
Current medications in development for the management of dry AMD10
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逆に、アナフィラトキシンであるC5aとC3aの濃度上昇や腎臓や肺に膜侵襲複合体(Membrane Attack Complex, MAC)が沈着することが報告されており、それらが組織損傷に関わっています。活動期SLEにおいて赤血球膜の第一型補体レセプター(Complement Receptor type I 、CR1)濃度の低下やC4、C3の付着を数名の研究者が報告しています。また、高濃度の赤血球結合C4dと低濃度のCR1の組み合わせがSLEに対して高感度(72%)と高特異性(79%)を有することが実証されています。8
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